PBEM Community Resilience Flagship Programs - Revision history

GlennDevitt: CRT > CPT

2024-12-18T00:17:57Z

CRT > CPT

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	The Community ~~Resilience~~ Team (~~CRT~~) is a division of the Portland Bureau of Emergency Management (PBEM). CRT manages many programs and projects, but this page is to provide a brief description of the CRT "Flagship" programs.		The Community Preparedness Team (CPT) is a division of the Portland Bureau of Emergency Management (PBEM). CRT manages many programs and projects, but this page is to provide a brief description of the CRT "Flagship" programs.

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Net@portlandoregon.gov: /* Basic Earthquake Emergency Communications Nodes (BEECN) */

2023-07-10T23:18:53Z

Basic Earthquake Emergency Communications Nodes (BEECN)

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	== Basic Earthquake Emergency Communications Nodes (BEECN) ==		== Basic Earthquake Emergency Communications Nodes (BEECN) ==
	[[File:BEECN Volunteers.jpg\|alt=BEECN brigs together volunteers to create safe meeting spaces for communities in the aftermath of a disaster.\|thumb\|430x430px\|''BEECN brigs together volunteers to create safe meeting spaces for communities in the aftermath of a disaster.'']]		[[File:BEECN Volunteers.jpg\|alt=BEECN brigs together volunteers to create safe meeting spaces for communities in the aftermath of a disaster.\|thumb\|430x430px\|''BEECN brigs together volunteers to create safe meeting spaces for communities in the aftermath of a disaster.'']]
	Portland's BEECN system, which stands for Basic Earthquake Emergency Communication Node, serves a critical purpose in the event of a major earthquake or disaster. The BEECN system is designed to establish communication hubs throughout the city where residents can seek assistance, information, and support during emergencies when traditional communication channels may be disrupted. These BEECN sites are strategically located in neighborhood parks, schools, and other accessible areas to provide a safe meeting point for individuals and families affected by a disaster. The primary objective of the BEECN system is to connect residents with trained volunteers who can offer essential services, such as first aid, information on local resources, and communication support to reach loved ones. By providing these essential services and a central point of contact, the BEECN system aims to enhance community resilience, promote effective communication, and ensure that individuals receive the assistance they need in the aftermath of a significant earthquake or disaster in Portland.		Portland's BEECN system, which stands for Basic Earthquake Emergency Communication Node, serves a critical purpose in the event of a major earthquake or disaster. The BEECN system is designed to establish communication hubs throughout the city where residents can seek assistance, information, and support during emergencies when traditional communication channels may be disrupted. These BEECN sites are strategically located in neighborhood parks, schools, and other accessible areas to provide a safe meeting point for individuals and families affected by a disaster. The primary objective of the BEECN system is to connect residents with trained volunteers who can offer essential services, such as first aid, information on local resources, and communication support to reach loved ones. By providing these essential services and a central point of contact, the BEECN system aims to enhance community resilience, promote effective communication, and ensure that individuals receive the assistance they need in the aftermath of a significant earthquake or disaster in Portland.
	PBEM spun up BEECN in ~~2013~~. The official BEECN website is: https://www.portland.gov/pbem/about-beecn
			PBEM spun up BEECN in December 2012. The official BEECN website is: https://www.portland.gov/pbem/about-beecn
	<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>		<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>
	== Community Organizations Active in Disaster (PDX COAD) ==		== Community Organizations Active in Disaster (PDX COAD) ==

Net@portlandoregon.gov: /* Community Organizations Active in Disaster (PDX COAD) */

2023-07-10T23:18:14Z

Community Organizations Active in Disaster (PDX COAD)

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	== Community Organizations Active in Disaster (PDX COAD) ==		== Community Organizations Active in Disaster (PDX COAD) ==
	[[File:COAD.jpg\|alt=PDX COAD is a collaboration between community-based organizations to improve community resilience.\|thumb\|430x430px\|''PDX COAD is a collaboration between community-based organizations to improve community resilience.'']]		[[File:COAD.jpg\|alt=PDX COAD is a collaboration between community-based organizations to improve community resilience.\|thumb\|430x430px\|''PDX COAD is a collaboration between community-based organizations to improve community resilience.'']]
	COADs, which stands for Community Organizations Active in Disasters, are groups formed to enhance community resilience and response during times of emergencies or disasters. ~~The purpose of COADs is to bring~~ together ~~various local organizations, such as nonprofits, faith-based groups, and~~ community ~~service~~ organizations, ~~to collaborate and coordinate their efforts in disaster preparedness, response~~, and ~~recovery~~. ~~These organizations play a crucial role in disaster management by providing support services, resources,~~ and ~~expertise to assist individuals~~ and ~~communities~~ in need. COADs aim to ensure that community members receive timely and effective assistance during emergencies, promote information sharing and communication, and foster partnerships among different organizations to maximize their ~~collective impact in times of crisis. By working together, COADs strive to strengthen community resilience and facilitate a more coordinated and comprehensive response to disasters~~.		COADs, which stands for Community Organizations Active in Disasters, are groups formed to enhance community resilience and response during times of emergencies or disasters. A national model that brings together community organizations under four principles: '''Communication, Cooperation, Coordination and Collaboration.''' Each organization acts independently and retains full autonomy and authority in how they serve their communities.

	COADs ~~convene~~ in ~~many places~~ in ~~the United States~~. The City of Portland began its own COAD late in 2018. The City of Portland's web presence for PDX COAD is at: https://www.portland.gov/pbem/coad.		Nationally, COADs bring together various local organizations, such as nonprofits, faith-based groups, and community service organizations, to collaborate and coordinate their efforts in disaster preparedness, response, and recovery. These organizations play a crucial role in disaster management by providing support services, resources, and expertise to assist individuals and communities in need. COADs aim to ensure that community members receive timely and effective assistance during emergencies, promote information sharing and communication, and foster partnerships among different organizations to maximize their collective impact in times of crisis. By working together, COADs strive to strengthen community resilience and facilitate a more coordinated and comprehensive response to disasters.

			The City of Portland began its own COAD late in 2018. PDX COAD is a network of community organizations that prepare for and respond to emergencies and disasters like heatwaves, winter weather and earthquakes. COAD partners are trusted sources of information for their communities and provide lifeline services every day. As Portland experiences intensifying heat, winter weather and wildfire smoke events, they have become climate first responders.

			The City of Portland's web presence for PDX COAD is at: https://www.portland.gov/pbem/coad.
	<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>		<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>
	== Notes and References ==		== Notes and References ==
	<references />		<references />

Net@portlandoregon.gov: /* Portland Neighborhood Emergency Teams (Portland NET) */

2023-07-09T21:35:23Z

Portland Neighborhood Emergency Teams (Portland NET)

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	\|scope="col" width="215px" style="border-top: 0px"\|''<small>The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle.</small>''		\|scope="col" width="215px" style="border-top: 0px"\|''<small>The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle.</small>''
	\|}		\|}
	The Portland NET program is modeled from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) [[wikipedia:Community_emergency_response_team\|Community Emergency Response Team (CERT)]] program. The CERT program began in 1985 in Los Angeles, and was itself modeled from a similar program the Los Angeles Fire Department observed in Tokyo, Japan. Los Angeles Fire became interested in citizen response programs following the [[wikipedia:1985_Mexico_City_earthquake\|1985 Mexico City Earthquake]], where untrained citizens rescued around 800 people but nearly 100 people of those citizens lost their lives in rescue attempts.<ref>Whittaker, J., McLennan, B., & Handmer, J. (2015). A review of informal volunteerism in emergencies and disasters: Definition, opportunities and challenges. ''International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction'', ''13'', 358–368. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.07.010</nowiki></ref> FEMA adopted and standardized the Los Angeles CERT program in 1993. In 1994, Rachael Jacky with Portland Fire and Rescue (PF&R) adapted the national CERT curriculum for Portland and incorporated it with existing emergency response volunteer teams. In order to avoid confusing the CERT program with the Portland Police Bureau’s [https://www.portland.gov/police/divisions/sert Special Emergency Reaction Team (SERT)], the program was renamed the Portland Neighborhood Emergency Team program (NET). Many volunteer emergency response programs in the Portland region (such as Tigard and Beaverton) have retained the CERT title.		The Portland NET program is modeled from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) [[wikipedia:Community_emergency_response_team\|Community Emergency Response Team (CERT)]] program. The CERT program began in 1985 in Los Angeles, and was itself modeled from a similar program the Los Angeles Fire Department observed in Tokyo, Japan.<ref>Community Emergency Response Team (CERT). (n.d.). FEMA.gov. https://www.fema.gov/emergency-managers/individuals-communities/preparedness-activities-webinars/community-emergency-response-team#:~:text=History%20of%20CERT,to%20meet%20their%20immediate%20needs.</ref> Los Angeles Fire became interested in citizen response programs following the [[wikipedia:1985_Mexico_City_earthquake\|1985 Mexico City Earthquake]], where untrained citizens rescued around 800 people but nearly 100 people of those citizens lost their lives in rescue attempts.<ref>Whittaker, J., McLennan, B., & Handmer, J. (2015). A review of informal volunteerism in emergencies and disasters: Definition, opportunities and challenges. ''International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction'', ''13'', 358–368. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.07.010</nowiki></ref> FEMA adopted and standardized the Los Angeles CERT program in 1993. In 1994, Rachael Jacky with Portland Fire and Rescue (PF&R) adapted the national CERT curriculum for Portland and incorporated it with existing emergency response volunteer teams. In order to avoid confusing the CERT program with the Portland Police Bureau’s [https://www.portland.gov/police/divisions/sert Special Emergency Reaction Team (SERT)], the program was renamed the Portland Neighborhood Emergency Team program (NET). Many volunteer emergency response programs in the Portland region (such as Tigard and Beaverton) have retained the CERT title.

	Portland NET's main city website is located at: https://www.portland.gov/pbem/neighborhood-emergency-teams.		Portland NET's main city website is located at: https://www.portland.gov/pbem/neighborhood-emergency-teams.

Net@portlandoregon.gov at 21:33, 9 July 2023

2023-07-09T21:33:17Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:33, 9 July 2023
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	X		The Community Resilience Team (CRT) is a division of the Portland Bureau of Emergency Management (PBEM). CRT manages many programs and projects, but this page is to provide a brief description of the CRT "Flagship" programs.

	~~<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>~~
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	<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>		<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>

Net@portlandoregon.gov at 21:31, 9 July 2023

2023-07-09T21:31:54Z

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			X

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Net@portlandoregon.gov: /* Basic Earthquake Emergency Communications Nodes (BEECN) */

2023-07-09T21:31:06Z

Basic Earthquake Emergency Communications Nodes (BEECN)

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	== Basic Earthquake Emergency Communications Nodes (BEECN) ==		== Basic Earthquake Emergency Communications Nodes (BEECN) ==
	x		[[File:BEECN Volunteers.jpg\|alt=BEECN brigs together volunteers to create safe meeting spaces for communities in the aftermath of a disaster.\|thumb\|430x430px\|''BEECN brigs together volunteers to create safe meeting spaces for communities in the aftermath of a disaster.'']]
			Portland's BEECN system, which stands for Basic Earthquake Emergency Communication Node, serves a critical purpose in the event of a major earthquake or disaster. The BEECN system is designed to establish communication hubs throughout the city where residents can seek assistance, information, and support during emergencies when traditional communication channels may be disrupted. These BEECN sites are strategically located in neighborhood parks, schools, and other accessible areas to provide a safe meeting point for individuals and families affected by a disaster. The primary objective of the BEECN system is to connect residents with trained volunteers who can offer essential services, such as first aid, information on local resources, and communication support to reach loved ones. By providing these essential services and a central point of contact, the BEECN system aims to enhance community resilience, promote effective communication, and ensure that individuals receive the assistance they need in the aftermath of a significant earthquake or disaster in Portland.
			PBEM spun up BEECN in 2013. The official BEECN website is: https://www.portland.gov/pbem/about-beecn
	<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>		<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>
	== Community Organizations Active in Disaster (PDX COAD) ==		== Community Organizations Active in Disaster (PDX COAD) ==

Net@portlandoregon.gov: /* Portland Neighborhood Emergency Teams (Portland NET) */

2023-07-09T21:23:52Z

Portland Neighborhood Emergency Teams (Portland NET)

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:23, 9 July 2023
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	COADs convene in many places in the United States. The City of Portland began its own COAD late in 2018. The City of Portland's web presence for PDX COAD is at: https://www.portland.gov/pbem/coad.		COADs convene in many places in the United States. The City of Portland began its own COAD late in 2018. The City of Portland's web presence for PDX COAD is at: https://www.portland.gov/pbem/coad.
	~~<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>~~
	~~== Youth Programming ==~~
	x
	<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>		<p><span style="color:#ffffff">.</span></p>
	== Notes and References ==		== Notes and References ==
	<references />		<references />

Net@portlandoregon.gov: /* Portland Neighborhood Emergency Teams (Portland NET) */

2023-07-09T17:47:47Z

Portland Neighborhood Emergency Teams (Portland NET)

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:47, 9 July 2023
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	== Portland Neighborhood Emergency Teams (Portland NET) ==		== Portland Neighborhood Emergency Teams (Portland NET) ==
	The Portland NET program is modeled from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) [[wikipedia:Community_emergency_response_team\|Community Emergency Response Team (CERT)]] program. The CERT program began in 1985 in Los Angeles, and was itself modeled from a similar program the Los Angeles Fire Department observed in
	{\| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:10px;"		{\| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:10px;"
	\|-		\|-
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	\|scope="col" width="215px" style="border-top: 0px"\|''<small>The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle.</small>''		\|scope="col" width="215px" style="border-top: 0px"\|''<small>The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle.</small>''
	\|}		\|}
	Tokyo, Japan. Los Angeles Fire became interested in citizen response programs following the [[wikipedia:1985_Mexico_City_earthquake\|1985 Mexico City Earthquake]], where untrained citizens rescued around 800 people but nearly 100 people of those citizens lost their lives in rescue attempts.<ref>Whittaker, J., McLennan, B., & Handmer, J. (2015). A review of informal volunteerism in emergencies and disasters: Definition, opportunities and challenges. ''International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction'', ''13'', 358–368. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.07.010</nowiki></ref> FEMA adopted and standardized the Los Angeles CERT program in 1993. In 1994, Rachael Jacky with Portland Fire and Rescue (PF&R) adapted the national CERT curriculum for Portland and incorporated it with existing emergency response volunteer teams. In order to avoid confusing the CERT program with the Portland Police Bureau’s [https://www.portland.gov/police/divisions/sert Special Emergency Reaction Team (SERT)], the program was renamed the Portland Neighborhood Emergency Team program (NET). Many volunteer emergency response programs in the Portland region (such as Tigard and Beaverton) have retained the CERT title.		The Portland NET program is modeled from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) [[wikipedia:Community_emergency_response_team\|Community Emergency Response Team (CERT)]] program. The CERT program began in 1985 in Los Angeles, and was itself modeled from a similar program the Los Angeles Fire Department observed in Tokyo, Japan. Los Angeles Fire became interested in citizen response programs following the [[wikipedia:1985_Mexico_City_earthquake\|1985 Mexico City Earthquake]], where untrained citizens rescued around 800 people but nearly 100 people of those citizens lost their lives in rescue attempts.<ref>Whittaker, J., McLennan, B., & Handmer, J. (2015). A review of informal volunteerism in emergencies and disasters: Definition, opportunities and challenges. ''International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction'', ''13'', 358–368. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.07.010</nowiki></ref> FEMA adopted and standardized the Los Angeles CERT program in 1993. In 1994, Rachael Jacky with Portland Fire and Rescue (PF&R) adapted the national CERT curriculum for Portland and incorporated it with existing emergency response volunteer teams. In order to avoid confusing the CERT program with the Portland Police Bureau’s [https://www.portland.gov/police/divisions/sert Special Emergency Reaction Team (SERT)], the program was renamed the Portland Neighborhood Emergency Team program (NET). Many volunteer emergency response programs in the Portland region (such as Tigard and Beaverton) have retained the CERT title.

	Portland NET's main city website is located at: https://www.portland.gov/pbem/neighborhood-emergency-teams.		Portland NET's main city website is located at: https://www.portland.gov/pbem/neighborhood-emergency-teams.

Net@portlandoregon.gov: /* Portland Neighborhood Emergency Teams (Portland NET) */

2023-07-09T17:46:58Z

Portland Neighborhood Emergency Teams (Portland NET)

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:46, 9 July 2023
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	The Portland NET program is modeled from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) [[wikipedia:Community_emergency_response_team\|Community Emergency Response Team (CERT)]] program. The CERT program began in 1985 in Los Angeles, and was itself modeled from a similar program the Los Angeles Fire Department observed in		The Portland NET program is modeled from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) [[wikipedia:Community_emergency_response_team\|Community Emergency Response Team (CERT)]] program. The CERT program began in 1985 in Los Angeles, and was itself modeled from a similar program the Los Angeles Fire Department observed in
	{\| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:10px;"		{\| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:10px;"
	~~!scope="col" width="315px"\|''<small>Woodburn CERT and Portland NET working together during a Scenario Village exercise. Photo by Ernest Jones.</small>''~~
	~~!scope="col" width="215px"\|''<small>NETs work primarily in the RESPOND space in the emergency management cycle, though they have roles in all phases.</small>''~~
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[File:CERT and NET.jpg\|alt=CERT (in green) and NET (in orange) working together during a Scenario Village exercise.\|''CERT (in green) and NET (in orange) working together during a Scenario Village exercise. Photo by Ernest Jones.''\|315x215px]]		\|style="border-bottom: 0px"\|[[File:CERT and NET.jpg\|alt=CERT (in green) and NET (in orange) working together during a Scenario Village exercise.\|''CERT (in green) and NET (in orange) working together during a Scenario Village exercise. Photo by Ernest Jones.''\|315x215px]]
	\|[[File:Emergencymanage3arrow.jpg\|alt=The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle.\|''The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle. Illustration by Hugh Newell.''\|215x300px]]		\|style="border-bottom: 0px"\|[[File:Emergencymanage3arrow.jpg\|alt=The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle.\|''The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle. Illustration by Hugh Newell.''\|215x300px]]
			\|-
			\|scope="col" width="315px" style="border-top: 0px"\|''<small>CERT (in green) and NET (in orange) working together during a Scenario Village exercise. Photo by Ernest Jones.</small>''
			\|scope="col" width="215px" style="border-top: 0px"\|''<small>The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle.</small>''
	\|}		\|}
	Tokyo, Japan. Los Angeles Fire became interested in citizen response programs following the [[wikipedia:1985_Mexico_City_earthquake\|1985 Mexico City Earthquake]], where untrained citizens rescued around 800 people but nearly 100 people of those citizens lost their lives in rescue attempts.<ref>Whittaker, J., McLennan, B., & Handmer, J. (2015). A review of informal volunteerism in emergencies and disasters: Definition, opportunities and challenges. ''International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction'', ''13'', 358–368. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.07.010</nowiki></ref> FEMA adopted and standardized the Los Angeles CERT program in 1993. In 1994, Rachael Jacky with Portland Fire and Rescue (PF&R) adapted the national CERT curriculum for Portland and incorporated it with existing emergency response volunteer teams. In order to avoid confusing the CERT program with the Portland Police Bureau’s [https://www.portland.gov/police/divisions/sert Special Emergency Reaction Team (SERT)], the program was renamed the Portland Neighborhood Emergency Team program (NET). Many volunteer emergency response programs in the Portland region (such as Tigard and Beaverton) have retained the CERT title.		Tokyo, Japan. Los Angeles Fire became interested in citizen response programs following the [[wikipedia:1985_Mexico_City_earthquake\|1985 Mexico City Earthquake]], where untrained citizens rescued around 800 people but nearly 100 people of those citizens lost their lives in rescue attempts.<ref>Whittaker, J., McLennan, B., & Handmer, J. (2015). A review of informal volunteerism in emergencies and disasters: Definition, opportunities and challenges. ''International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction'', ''13'', 358–368. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.07.010</nowiki></ref> FEMA adopted and standardized the Los Angeles CERT program in 1993. In 1994, Rachael Jacky with Portland Fire and Rescue (PF&R) adapted the national CERT curriculum for Portland and incorporated it with existing emergency response volunteer teams. In order to avoid confusing the CERT program with the Portland Police Bureau’s [https://www.portland.gov/police/divisions/sert Special Emergency Reaction Team (SERT)], the program was renamed the Portland Neighborhood Emergency Team program (NET). Many volunteer emergency response programs in the Portland region (such as Tigard and Beaverton) have retained the CERT title.

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:46, 9 July 2023
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	The Portland NET program is modeled from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) [[wikipedia:Community_emergency_response_team\|Community Emergency Response Team (CERT)]] program. The CERT program began in 1985 in Los Angeles, and was itself modeled from a similar program the Los Angeles Fire Department observed in		The Portland NET program is modeled from the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) [[wikipedia:Community_emergency_response_team\|Community Emergency Response Team (CERT)]] program. The CERT program began in 1985 in Los Angeles, and was itself modeled from a similar program the Los Angeles Fire Department observed in
	{\| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:10px;"		{\| class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-left:10px;"
	~~!scope="col" width="315px"\|''<small>Woodburn CERT and Portland NET working together during a Scenario Village exercise. Photo by Ernest Jones.</small>''~~
	~~!scope="col" width="215px"\|''<small>NETs work primarily in the RESPOND space in the emergency management cycle, though they have roles in all phases.</small>''~~
	\|-		\|-
	\|[[File:CERT and NET.jpg\|alt=CERT (in green) and NET (in orange) working together during a Scenario Village exercise.\|''CERT (in green) and NET (in orange) working together during a Scenario Village exercise. Photo by Ernest Jones.''\|315x215px]]		\|style="border-bottom: 0px"\|[[File:CERT and NET.jpg\|alt=CERT (in green) and NET (in orange) working together during a Scenario Village exercise.\|''CERT (in green) and NET (in orange) working together during a Scenario Village exercise. Photo by Ernest Jones.''\|315x215px]]
	\|[[File:Emergencymanage3arrow.jpg\|alt=The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle.\|''The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle. Illustration by Hugh Newell.''\|215x300px]]		\|style="border-bottom: 0px"\|[[File:Emergencymanage3arrow.jpg\|alt=The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle.\|''The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle. Illustration by Hugh Newell.''\|215x300px]]
			\|-
			\|scope="col" width="315px" style="border-top: 0px"\|''<small>CERT (in green) and NET (in orange) working together during a Scenario Village exercise. Photo by Ernest Jones.</small>''
			\|scope="col" width="215px" style="border-top: 0px"\|''<small>The Emergency Management Cycle. NETs act primarily in the RESPONSE space, but have roles throughout the cycle.</small>''
	\|}		\|}
	Tokyo, Japan. Los Angeles Fire became interested in citizen response programs following the [[wikipedia:1985_Mexico_City_earthquake\|1985 Mexico City Earthquake]], where untrained citizens rescued around 800 people but nearly 100 people of those citizens lost their lives in rescue attempts.<ref>Whittaker, J., McLennan, B., & Handmer, J. (2015). A review of informal volunteerism in emergencies and disasters: Definition, opportunities and challenges. ''International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction'', ''13'', 358–368. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.07.010</nowiki></ref> FEMA adopted and standardized the Los Angeles CERT program in 1993. In 1994, Rachael Jacky with Portland Fire and Rescue (PF&R) adapted the national CERT curriculum for Portland and incorporated it with existing emergency response volunteer teams. In order to avoid confusing the CERT program with the Portland Police Bureau’s [https://www.portland.gov/police/divisions/sert Special Emergency Reaction Team (SERT)], the program was renamed the Portland Neighborhood Emergency Team program (NET). Many volunteer emergency response programs in the Portland region (such as Tigard and Beaverton) have retained the CERT title.		Tokyo, Japan. Los Angeles Fire became interested in citizen response programs following the [[wikipedia:1985_Mexico_City_earthquake\|1985 Mexico City Earthquake]], where untrained citizens rescued around 800 people but nearly 100 people of those citizens lost their lives in rescue attempts.<ref>Whittaker, J., McLennan, B., & Handmer, J. (2015). A review of informal volunteerism in emergencies and disasters: Definition, opportunities and challenges. ''International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction'', ''13'', 358–368. <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.07.010</nowiki></ref> FEMA adopted and standardized the Los Angeles CERT program in 1993. In 1994, Rachael Jacky with Portland Fire and Rescue (PF&R) adapted the national CERT curriculum for Portland and incorporated it with existing emergency response volunteer teams. In order to avoid confusing the CERT program with the Portland Police Bureau’s [https://www.portland.gov/police/divisions/sert Special Emergency Reaction Team (SERT)], the program was renamed the Portland Neighborhood Emergency Team program (NET). Many volunteer emergency response programs in the Portland region (such as Tigard and Beaverton) have retained the CERT title.